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TERRESTRIAL RESEARCH
Exploring and Preserving Curaçao’s Land-Based Ecosystems
Carmabi’s terrestrial research focuses on understanding Curaçao’s diverse landscapes, flora, and fauna , providing essential insights for conservation, restoration, and sustainable land management . By studying native species, habitat dynamics, and ecological threats , researchers contribute to the protection of the island’s unique terrestrial biodiversity.
WHAT WE DO
Carmabi conducts terrestrial research to improve our understanding of nature. Our research topics are important for effective park management, including studies on the changes in the park's vegetation and wildlife populations. The research is also conducted and applied to other natural areas of Curacao and the wider Caribbean.
Research collaborations are important to increase the number and quality, for this reason Carmabi extensively works together with universities and research facilities in the region and around the world to further the knowledge on our terrestrial ecosystems.
ECOSYSTEMS
Important component of the terrestrial research focus is the study of the terrestrial ecosystems of Curacao. Important studies include the landscape-ecological vegetation maps produced by Carmabi for the Christoffelpark, Curacao and the other Dutch islands Bonaire, St. Maarten, Saba and Statia (see publications for more info).
The understanding of ecosystem functioning and services provides a starting point for further research on the different components ecosystems provide, for example on the status of wildlife populations, such as the Curacao White-tailed Deer and our birds, as well as the phylogeny of different plant species.
CURACAO WHITE-TAILED DEER
The Curaçao White-tailed Deer ( Odocoileus virginianus curassavicus ) is one of the island’s most unique and elusive native species. As a subspecies of the American White-tailed Deer , it is found only on Curaçao and Isla Margarita , making it an important part of the island’s natural heritage.
Habitat & Distribution
This rare species is primarily found in the northwestern part of Curaçao , with a significant portion of the population residing within Christoffel National Park . The park provides an essential refuge for these deer, offering a mix of dense vegetation, rocky terrain, and water sources , which are crucial for their survival in the island’s semi-arid climate.
Population & Ecological Role
Estimating the population size of the Curaçao White-tailed Deer is challenging due to their secretive nature and fluctuating environmental conditions. Research conducted in the 1980s revealed that population numbers vary depending on rainfall levels:
In wet years , the population was estimated to be at least 450 individuals .
In dry years , the numbers dropped to approximately 250 individuals due to reduced food and water availability.
As herbivores , these deer play an essential role in shaping the island’s vegetation by influencing plant growth and seed dispersal. Their presence contributes to the overall balance of the ecosystem in Christoffel National Park.
Threats & Conservation Efforts
Despite their adaptation to Curaçao’s environment, the White-tailed Deer faces several threats, including habitat loss, illegal hunting, and climate change . Prolonged dry periods can severely impact food and water availability, affecting population stability.
To protect this endangered subspecies , conservation efforts within Christoffel National Park focus on:
Preserving natural habitats to ensure sustainable food and water resources.
Monitoring populations to track changes and assess conservation needs.
Raising awareness about the importance of protecting this unique species.
The Curaçao White-tailed Deer is a symbol of the island’s rich biodiversity and a reminder of the need for continued conservation efforts to safeguard its future.